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Wasp-class amphibious assault ship
The ''Wasp'' class is a class of Landing Helicopter Dock (LHD) amphibious assault ships operated by the United States Navy. Based on the ''Tarawa'' class, with modifications to operate more advanced aircraft and landing craft, the ''Wasp'' class is capable of transporting almost the full strength of a United States Marine Corps Marine Expeditionary Unit (MEU), and landing them in hostile territory via landing craft or helicopters. All ''Wasp''-class ships were built by Ingalls Shipbuilding, at Pascagoula, Mississippi, with the lead ship, , commissioned on 29 July 1989. Eight ''Wasp''-class ships were built, and , all eight are active.
==Design==
The ''Wasp'' class is based on the preceding ''Tarawa''-class design.〔Bishop & Chant, ''Aircraft Carriers'', p. 230〕 The design was modified to allow for the operation of AV-8B Harrier II aircraft and Landing Craft Air Cushion (LCAC) hovercraft, making the ''Wasp'' class the first ships specifically designed to operate these.〔
The main physical changes between the two designs are the lower placement of the ship's bridge aboard the ''Wasp''s, the relocation of the command and control facilities to inside the hull,〔 the removal of the 5-inch Mk 45 naval guns and their sponsons on the forward edge of the flight deck, and a lengthening of to carry the LCACs.
Each ''Wasp'' class ship has a displacement of at full load, is long, has a beam of , and a draft of .〔Bishop & Chant, ''Aircraft Carriers'', p. 231.〕 For propulsion, most of the ships are fitted with two steam boilers connected to geared turbines, which deliver 70,000 shaft horsepower (33,849 kW) to the two propeller shafts.〔 This allows the LHDs to reach speeds of , with a range of at .〔 The last ship of the class, , was instead fitted with two General Electric LM2500 geared gas turbines. The ship's company consists of 1,208 personnel.〔 The ships are the largest amphibious warfare vessels in the world.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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